14.5 回顾runnable
14.5 回顾runnable
在本章早些时候,我曾建议大家在将一个程序片或主
当然,如果必须从一个类继承,而且想使类具有线程处理能力,则
//: ColorBoxes.java
// Using the Runnable interface
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
class CBox extends Canvas implements Runnable {
private Thread t;
private int pause;
private static final Color[] colors = {
Color.black, Color.blue, Color.cyan,
Color.darkGray, Color.gray, Color.green,
Color.lightGray, Color.magenta,
Color.orange, Color.pink, Color.red,
Color.white, Color.yellow
};
private Color cColor = newColor();
private static final Color newColor() {
return colors[
(int)(Math.random() * colors.length)
];
}
public void paint(Graphics g) {
g.setColor(cColor);
Dimension s = getSize();
g.fillRect(0, 0, s.width, s.height);
}
public CBox(int pause) {
this.pause = pause;
t = new Thread(this);
t.start();
}
public void run() {
while(true) {
cColor = newColor();
repaint();
try {
t.sleep(pause);
} catch(InterruptedException e) {}
}
}
}
public class ColorBoxes extends Frame {
public ColorBoxes(int pause, int grid) {
setTitle("ColorBoxes");
setLayout(new GridLayout(grid, grid));
for (int i = 0; i < grid * grid; i++)
add(new CBox(pause));
addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
int pause = 50;
int grid = 8;
if(args.length > 0)
pause = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
if(args.length > 1)
grid = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);
Frame f = new ColorBoxes(pause, grid);
f.setSize(500, 400);
f.setVisible(true);
}
} ///:~
在
由于这种设计方案非常灵活,而且线程处理同每个
这个程序也为我们提供了一个有趣的评测基准,因为它揭示了不同
有些时候,我们会发现
//: ColorBoxes2.java
// Balancing thread use
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.util.*;
class CBox2 extends Canvas {
private static final Color[] colors = {
Color.black, Color.blue, Color.cyan,
Color.darkGray, Color.gray, Color.green,
Color.lightGray, Color.magenta,
Color.orange, Color.pink, Color.red,
Color.white, Color.yellow
};
private Color cColor = newColor();
private static final Color newColor() {
return colors[
(int)(Math.random() * colors.length)
];
}
void nextColor() {
cColor = newColor();
repaint();
}
public void paint(Graphics g) {
g.setColor(cColor);
Dimension s = getSize();
g.fillRect(0, 0, s.width, s.height);
}
}
class CBoxVector
extends Vector implements Runnable {
private Thread t;
private int pause;
public CBoxVector(int pause) {
this.pause = pause;
t = new Thread(this);
}
public void go() { t.start(); }
public void run() {
while(true) {
int i = (int)(Math.random() * size());
((CBox2)elementAt(i)).nextColor();
try {
t.sleep(pause);
} catch(InterruptedException e) {}
}
}
}
public class ColorBoxes2 extends Frame {
private CBoxVector[] v;
public ColorBoxes2(int pause, int grid) {
setTitle("ColorBoxes2");
setLayout(new GridLayout(grid, grid));
v = new CBoxVector[grid];
for(int i = 0; i < grid; i++)
v[i] = new CBoxVector(pause);
for (int i = 0; i < grid * grid; i++) {
v[i % grid].addElement(new CBox2());
add((CBox2)v[i % grid].lastElement());
}
for(int i = 0; i < grid; i++)
v[i].go();
addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Shorter default pause than ColorBoxes:
int pause = 5;
int grid = 8;
if(args.length > 0)
pause = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
if(args.length > 1)
grid = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);
Frame f = new ColorBoxes2(pause, grid);
f.setSize(500, 400);
f.setVisible(true);
}
} ///:~
在
和以前一样,在我们实现
运行这个程序时,大家会发现它确实变得更快,响应也更迅速(比如在中断它的时候,它能更快地停下来
象这样的一些问题是造成多线程应用程序的编制成为一种“技术活”的原因之一。